IPv6 security Firewalls will remain, but the model needs a change; we cannot just drop incoming SYNs. IPv6 will introduce many bi-directional communications per-host security will be more and more important. Applicability of IPsec should change today (for IPv4): mainly for VPN, thus tunnel mode for IPv6: more and more end-to-end usage will come. mainly transport mode. key management can be much harder an "ad-hoc", easy-to-use secure pipe will meet the requirement, rather than a solid security infrastructure. c.f. ssh